What is the appropriate action for Hepatitis B vaccine non-responders?

For individuals who do not respond to the Hepatitis B vaccine, the appropriate action is to give a booster dose and then test for antibodies approximately 4 weeks later. This approach is based on the understanding that some individuals may require a boost in their immune response to achieve sufficient antibody levels.

The rationale behind administering a booster dose follows the immunological principles that a second exposure to the antigen can help prime the immune system, enhancing the production of antibodies. Testing after 4 weeks allows for proper evaluation of whether the booster was effective in generating an adequate immune response.

In cases of vaccination non-response, it is important to follow this protocol rather than stopping vaccination altogether, as it may still be possible for the individual to develop immunity. Providing a single additional dose alone without checking response may overlook the need for a comprehensive booster approach. Referral to a specialist may be warranted in the case of persistent nonresponse or for further management, but it is not the initial step following the vaccination protocol.