What is the recommended first line treatment for uncomplicated genital chlamydia?

The recommended first-line treatment for uncomplicated genital chlamydia is a single dose of Azithromycin 1g orally. This regimen is widely endorsed due to its effectiveness and convenience. Administering a single dose simplifies adherence because the patient does not need to remember to take medication over several days, which is especially valuable in a setting where patients may have difficulty completing a multi-day regimen.

Azithromycin's mechanism targets the bacteria responsible for chlamydia effectively, ensuring a high cure rate. This option is particularly beneficial in populations where treatment adherence may be challenged, such as young adults and transient populations.

Other treatment options, such as doxycycline or azithromycin in lower doses, are effective but may require multiple doses over several days, which can complicate adherence and may not be as practical in some clinical scenarios. Cephalexin is not indicated for chlamydia treatment and is typically used for different infections, such as those caused by certain strains of bacteria in skin or respiratory infections.